Folic Acid and Pregnancy

Folic acid, a form of vitamin from the B group, helps build the DNA found in the human cell, and is essential in the creation of new cells.

The importance of taking folic acid during pregnancy

During the first weeks of pregnancy, the fetal organs and body’s systems develop, one of which being the nervous system. One of the most important processes in this stage is the closing of the fetal neural tube, which begins near the brain and continues along the upper back. Impaired cellular development in an early stage of pregnancy may result in an improper closure of this tube, which may cause severe disability, illnesses and even infant death.

Guidelines for taking folic acid

There are several emphases that you must know about taking folic acid during pregnancy:

• Duration: it is vital that you take the folic acid supplement every day, in the the pregnancy planning stage (at least one month before) and during the first three months of pregnancy. You may continue taking folic acid during pregnancy to prevent anemia and to ensure normal fetal development and growth. Since pregnancy is frequently unplanned, folic acid should be taken every day throughout childbearing years. Even if you are not planning a pregnancy, you may get pregnant.
• Recommended dosage: 400 micrograms per day. If you already take folic acid or a multivitamin, you should make sure that the supplement contains enough folic acid.
• Dosing method: you can take folic acid on an empty or a full stomach and throughout the day. You should preferably take it at the same hour of your choosing. If you also take antacids, wait two hours between the medications.
• Purchasing the supplement: folic acid can be purchased over the counter but can also be purchased with a prescription at a HMO pharmacy, where it is cheaper.

Elevated dosage of folic acid

There are several situations that increase the risk of a neural tube defect during pregnancy. In these situations, you should consult the attending physician about taking higher doses of folic acid:

• If you have a history of pregnancy or birth of a child with a neural tube defect.
• If you are treated with anti-seizure medication (Valproic Acid, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Topiramate).
• If you are treated with lithium or methotrexate.
• If you have preexisting diabetes.
• If your BMI is 30 or higher.
• If you have a history of alcohol abuse.
• If you suffer from diseases that harm intestinal absorption such as Crohn’s disease or Celiac disease.