Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes that is first diagnosed during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes. It affects the body’s ability to use sugar and turn it into energy, so sugar stays in the bloodstream instead of being absorbed into cells, causing blood sugar levels to rise. About 4% of pregnant women develop gestational diabetes.
This happens because pregnancy naturally increases insulin resistance in the body. While most women are able to keep their blood sugar within a normal range, in women with certain risk factors (listed below), hormonal changes can push levels higher and lead to uncontrolled increases in blood sugar.
Risk factors
Genetic predisposition
Overweight
Previous birth of a large baby
Possible signs
- Recurrent infections of the urinary bladder or vagina.
- Fungal discharge.
- Excess amniotic fluid.
In 40% of women who develop gestational diabetes, there are no early signs, therefore it is important to perform the 50-gram glucose screening test on time: between weeks 24 and 28.
Gestational diabetes treatments
Treatment for gestational diabetes requires maintaining normal blood sugar levels.
After diagnosis, you will be referred to a dietitian who will create a personalized nutrition plan for you.
Sometimes insulin injections will also be needed to maintain blood sugar balance. If your doctor identifies a need for tailored monitoring, you will be referred for follow-up at a gestational diabetes clinic.
Note: due to the increased risk - it is important to follow pregnancy monitoring.
Possible complications of poorly controlled gestational diabetes
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Excessive fetal growth
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Complicated delivery
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Difficulties in delivery
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Risk to the fetus’s life
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